(1) According to the presence or absence of alloy components, aluminum is divided into pure aluminum and aluminum alloy. Aluminum alloy according to the alloy series is divided into Al-Mn alloy, Al-Cu alloy, Al-Si alloy, and Al-Mg alloy.
(2) According to the pressure processing ability, can be divided into deformed aluminum and non-deformed aluminum (for example: cast aluminum).
(3) According to whether it can be strengthened by heat treatment, aluminum alloy is further divided into non-heat treatment strengthened aluminum and heat treatment strengthened aluminum. Aluminum has no isomer, pure aluminum, aluminum-manganese alloys, aluminum-magnesium alloys, etc. It is not possible to improve the strength by heat treatment phase change. However, aluminum-copper and aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys can be strengthened by solid solution aging precipitation phase to improve strength, known as heat-treatable aluminum. Can not be a solid solution aging precipitation of reinforced phase to improve the strength of the so-called non-heat-treatable reinforced aluminum.
Grade and State Designations
1. four-digit system number naming method January 1, 1997, China began to implement GB/T16474996 “deformation of aluminum and aluminum alloy number representation standard. The new numbering method using deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy international registration organization recommended by the international four-digit numbering system, such as industrial pure aluminum 1070, 1060, etc., Al-Mn alloy 3003, etc., Al-Mg alloy 5052, 5086, etc.
2. four character system number naming method Before January 1, 1997, China used the former Soviet Union’s numbering method. Some of the old numbers of aluminum and aluminum alloy chemical composition and the international four-digit number system do not fully match, can not use the international four-digit number system instead of the number, to retain the existing domestic non-international four-digit number system, had to use the four-character system number naming method, to gradually converge with the international standard.
For example: the chemical composition of the old LF21 and the international four-digit system grade 3003 does not exactly match, so the four-character system said the grade for 3A21.
Four-digit system and four-character system grade number of the first number of aluminum and aluminum alloy categories, the meaning of which is as follows:
(1) 1000 series of industrial pure aluminum;
(2) 2000 series Al-Cu, Al-Cu-Mn alloys,
3) 3000 series Al-Mn alloys;
(4) 4000 series Al-Si alloys;
5) 5000 series Al-Mg alloys;
6) 6000 series Al-Mg-Si alloys;
(7) 7000 series Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys;
(8) 8000 series of other.
3. aluminum casting grade aluminum castings for containers in China using ZAl + major alloying element symbols + alloying element content number of percent said. For example; ZAlSi7Mg1A, ZAlCu4, ZAlMg5Si, and so on.
4. state code of the same grade of aluminum and aluminum alloy, the state is different at the same time, and the mechanical properties are not the same. By GB/T16475 “deformation of aluminum and aluminum alloy state code standard, the new state code is as follows:
Annealed state
H112 hot work state
T4 natural aging state after solid solution treatment
T5 Artificial aging state after cooling of high temperature forming process
T6 Artificial aging state after solid solution treatment
Application Characteristics of Aluminum Containers
Aluminum in air and oxidizing aqueous media, its surface is easier to produce dense alumina passivation film, it has good corrosion resistance in some oxidizing media. In high-temperature concentrated nitric acid, pure aluminum corrosion resistance is better than stainless steel. Aluminum is often used as a corrosion-resistant container material.
Some corrosive materials are not too strong, but the requirements of an anti-iron pollution medium, such as chemical fiber media, aluminum has better corrosion resistance, and no iron pollutant material, therefore, aluminum is often used as an anti-iron pollution container material. Other non-ferrous metal containers can also prevent iron pollution, but aluminum is the cheapest.
Aluminum is a face-centered cubic lattice, there is no isomer, there is no brittle transition like ferritic steel at low temperatures, and the minimum design temperature of aluminum containers can be up to -269℃. Aluminum is often used as a material for low-temperature containers. Aluminum-magnesium alloy in the magnesium content is higher, will be intermetallic compounds Mg2Al3 and Mg5Al8 in the intergranular precipitation, so that the aluminum-magnesium alloy in some media to produce stress corrosion sensitivity, only in the use of 65 ℃ below will not produce stress corrosion,
so the magnesium content of more than 3% of the aluminum-magnesium alloy regulations design temperature does not exceed 65 ℃. Excessive precipitation phase will also reduce the impact toughness, so the magnesium content of more than 3% of aluminum and magnesium alloys and their welded joints should be tested for impact toughness. Other aluminum and aluminum containers, including low-temperature aluminum containers, are not required for impact toughness tests.
Due to the aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy solid solution aging state of high strength, plasticity is also good, good weldability, welded joints in the post-weld state can still maintain high strength, and therefore commonly used as containers with high-strength aluminum alloy. In aluminum, especially pure aluminum, the provisions of non-proportional elongation stress are very low, in the small load that will produce plastic deformation. When aluminum containers are used and transported, attention should be paid to collision deformation.
JISA.A1000 Series - Pure Aluminum System
1. 1060 as a conductive material IACS guarantees 61%, of the need for strength when the use of 6061 wire.
2.10851080107010501N301085108010701050 good formability, surface treatment, in the aluminum alloy with the best corrosion resistance. Because it is pure aluminum, its strength is low, the higher the purity, the lower its strength. Daily necessities, aluminum plate, lighting apparatus, reflective plate, decorations, chemical industry containers, heat sinks, soluble wiring, conductive material.
3.11001200AL purity of 99.0% or more of the general purposes of aluminum, anodic oxidation treatment of the appearance of a slightly white outside the same as the above. General appliances, heat sinks, bottle caps, printing plates, building materials, and heat exchanger components 1N00 – strength than 1100 slightly higher, good formability, and its chemical properties are the same as 1100.
Daily Necessities 2000 Series - Alxcu System
1.2011 fast cutting alloy, cutting good strength is also high. But the corrosion resistance is not good. Requirements for corrosion resistance, the use of 6062 series alloy volume shafts, optical components, and screw head.
2.201420172024 contains a large amount of Cu, poor corrosion resistance, but high strength, and can be used as a construction material, forging products can also be applied, to aircraft, gears, oil, pressure components, and axles.
3.2117 solid solution heat treatment, as a hinge material, for the delay of room temperature aging speed of the alloy.
4.20182218 Alloy for forging. Good forging properties and high-temperature strength, so it is used in forging products that require heat resistance, poor corrosion resistance, cylinder heads, pistons, and VTR cylinders.
5.2618 Alloy for forging. Excellent high-temperature strength but poor corrosion resistance. Pistons, rubber molding dies, and general heat-resistant components.
6.2219 High strength, well-low and high-temperature characteristics, excellent solubility, but poor corrosion resistance. Low-temperature containers, and aerospace equipment.
7.2025 Alloy for forging. Good forging and high strength, but poor corrosion resistance. Propellers, magnetic drums. 2N01-Forging alloy. Heat resistant and high strength, but poor corrosion resistance. Aircraft engines, hydraulic components.
3000 Series - Alxmn System
1.3003 strength than 1100 about 10% higher, molding, solubility, and corrosion resistance are good. General ware, heat sinks, cosmetic plates, photocopier rollers, and marine materials.
2.3004 Strength is higher than 3003, superior formability, and good corrosion resistance. Aluminum cans, lamps, and cannons cover the head, roof panels, and colored aluminum plate.
3.3005 Strength is about 20% higher than 3003, and corrosion resistance is also better. Building materials, colored aluminum.
4.3105 strength is slightly higher than 3003, other characteristics and 3003 are similar. Building materials, colored aluminum plate, bottle caps.
4000 Series - Alxsi System
1.4032 heat resistance, good consumption resistance, coefficient of thermal expansion is small. Piston, cylinder head.
2.4043 solidification shrinkage is small, with sulfuric acid anodic oxidation treatment is gray natural color. Soluble wiring, building panels.
5000 Series - Alxmg System
1.5005 strength and 3003 the same, processability, solubility, good corrosion resistance, anodic oxidation of the modification of the processing is good, and the color of the 6063-shaped material is commensurate. Building interior and exterior, vehicle interior and exterior, ship interior and exterior.
2.5052 is the most representative alloy with medium strength, good corrosion resistance, solubility, and formability, especially high fatigue strength, and good seawater resistance. General sheet metal, ships, vehicles, construction, bottle caps, honeycomb panels.
3.5652 Limit the impurity element of 5052, and inhibit the separation of hydrogen peroxide alloy, other characteristics, and 5052 with hydrogen peroxide container.
4.5154 Strength is about 20% higher than 5052, other characteristics are the same as 5052 and 5052, pressure vessels.
5.5254 is an alloy that limits the impurity elements of 5154 and inhibits the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, other characteristics are the same as 5154. Hydrogen peroxide container.
6.5454 strength is about 20% higher than 5052, its characteristics and 5154 is more or less the same, but in the vicious environment, the corrosion resistance is better than 5154. Wheel for the automobile.
7.5056 corrosion resistance is superior to cutting and work surface modification, anodic oxidation treatment and its coloring is good. Camera body, communication equipment components, zippers.
8.5082 Strength is similar to 5083, with good molding and corrosion resistance.
9.5182 strength is about 5% higher than 5082, and other characteristics are the same as 5082. Can cover.
10.5083 is an alloy for solute structure. It is the highest-strength corrosion-resistant alloy among practical non-heat treatment alloys and is suitable for solution joint construction. Seawater resistance, low-temperature characteristics of good ships, vehicles, low-temperature containers, and pressure vessels.
11.5086 has higher strength than 5154, and is a non-heat-treated alloy with good seawater resistance. The ship, pressure vessel, magnetic gas disk 5N01 – strength and 3003 the same, after the light treatment of anodic oxidation treatment can have a high degree of brightness. Good moldability and corrosion resistance. Kitchenware, cameras, decorations, aluminum 5N02 alloy for hinges, good seawater resistance hinges.
6000 Series - Alxmgxsi System
1.6061 heat treatment type of corrosion resistance alloy. With T6 treatment can have a very high endurance value, but the strength of the interface is low, so use in screws, hinges ships, vehicles, and land structures 6N01 medium strength extrusion alloy with 6061 and 6063 of the middle of the strength, extrusion press quenching is good, can be used as a complex shape of the large-scale thin fleshy material, corrosion resistance, solubility are good. Vehicles, land structures, ships.
2.6063 representative of the extrusion alloy, strength than 6061 low, good extrudability, can be used for complex cross-sectional shape of the shape of the material, corrosion resistance and surface treatment are good construction, highway guardrail, high fences, vehicles, furniture, home appliances, decorative products.
3.6101 High-strength conductive material. 55% IACS guarantee wire.
4.6151 forging processability is particularly good, corrosion resistance and surface treatment is also good, suitable for complex forging products. Machinery, automotive components.
5.6262 corrosion resistant fast cutting alloy, corrosion resistance and surface treatment is better than 2011, its strength is the same as 6061. Camera body, oxidizer components, brake components, gas appliance components.
7000 Series - Alxznxmg System
1.7072 electrode potential is low, mainly used for anti-corrosion cover material, and also applies to heat exchangers of the heat sink. Aluminum alloy plywood skin material, heat sink.
2.7075 Aluminum alloy has one of the highest strength alloys, but the corrosion resistance is not good, and 7072 of the cover material can improve its corrosion resistance, but the cost increases. Aircraft, ski poles 70507050 improve 7075 quenching alloy, stress corrosion crack resistance is good, suitable for thick plates, forging products aircraft, high-speed rotating body 7N01 soluble structure with alloy, high strength and soluble part of the strength of the temperature at room temperature, can be placed back to close to the parent material strength. Corrosion resistance is also very good. Vehicles, other land structures, and aircraft.
3.7003 Extrusion alloy for welding structure, slightly lower strength than 7N01, but with good extrudability, it can be used as a thin large-shaped material, and other characteristics are generally the same as 7N01. Wheel outer ring for vehicles and locomotives.
